Where China makes garment hardware
Qiaotou and Yongjia for buttons, Guangdong for denim and bag metal, Yiwu for mixed small lots — how to place a hardware programme.
Fill power and warmth: cuin, centimetres and clo
How down fill power is measured (GB/T 10288, IDFB), what 600–800 cuin means in centimetres, and why fill weight still has to match the climate.
Bag and strap hardware
Side-release buckles, D-rings, lobster clasps and ladderlocks — plastic versus zinc versus stainless on straps.
Down versus synthetic fill
Down clusters versus polyester ‘down cotton’ — GB/T 14272 down content, why a ‘down-like’ hangtag is not down, and when a synthetic fill is the honest choice.
Trouser hooks and bars
Hook-and-bar closures for trouser waists — claw counts, brass versus steel, and why they outlast a sew-on on a waistband.
Beaded trims, fringes and corded edges
How pearl, bead and chainette fringes are built, where they snag, and how to spec a decorative edge that survives a seam.
